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1)  earth dam defect
土坝病害
2)  Earth dam hidden perils
病险土坝
3)  Soil borne disease
土传病害
1.
The soil borne disease for greenhouse vegetable cultivation becomes more serious.
简述了设施蔬菜土传病害日益严重的原因。
2.
Soil borne diseases are major diseases threatening maize production such as .
土传病害是威胁玉米生产的一类重要病害,其中茎基腐病、丝黑穗病和纹枯病发生尤为严重。
4)  soil-borne disease
土传病害
1.
Progress on the control of medicinal plants soil-borne disease by anti-microorganism;
利用拮抗微生物防治中药材土传病害研究进展
2.
Harm extent of soil-borne disease and the type,action mechanism,research status of controlling disease of anti-bacteria were expounded in the paper,and the existing problems and foreground to preventing soil-borne disease were suggested.
介绍了土传病害危害程度及生防细菌的种类、作用机制、防治土传病害的研究概况,提出了目前利用生防细菌防治土传病害存在的问题及应用前景。
3.
Systematic surveys and plot varietals yield test under sunlight greenhouse were carried out to study on cucumber s soil-borne disease damages,epidemic factors and effects of different control measures as well as environment factors in loess hilly region.
通过田间系统观察和小区对比试验,研究了黄土高原温室黄瓜土传病害危害性、影响流行因素和不同防治措施对土传病害及环境的效应。
5)  soil-borne diseases
土传病害
1.
A study on screening of plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria and its biocontrol effect to soil-borne diseases of cucumber was studied by means of growth-promoting screening and field trial method in order to get plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria for controlling soil-borne diseases of cucumber and evaluate its biocontrol effect.
为获取防治黄瓜土传病害的植物根围促生菌(PGPR)并明确其防效,采用促生筛选法与大田小区试验法,对黄瓜根围的促生细菌进行了筛选并对其田间防效进行了研究。
2.
It is quite interesting to know whether mycorrhizal fungi(MF)agents may be applied to control soil-borne diseases in fields.
菌根真菌(mycorrhizal fungi,MF)对植物土传病害有一定的拮抗或抑制作用,能提高植物对土传病害的抗/耐病性。
6)  Soil-borne
土传病害
1.
Study on Chitosan Control Soil-borne Diseases of Vegetable;
壳聚糖制剂控制蔬菜土传病害的研究
2.
The research focused on the screening antagonistic bacteria against soil-borne pathogens isolated from the soil, identifying the sort of the antagonistic bateria and preparation of their seed coating chemicals.
通过室内生物活性测定和盆栽试验,从903株土壤细菌中筛选得到对土传病害有活性的拮抗菌3株,编号分别为YZ,Y3和9-54,棉花和水稻盆栽的结果表明3株菌株对棉花立枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kühn)和水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kühn)均有较好的防治效果。
补充资料:均质土坝
      用一种筑坝材料筑成的土坝(图1)。一般用粘性土料,也有全部用透水料筑成。均质土坝适用于:①当地只有一种筑坝材料的情况;②由于坝坡缓,填筑高坝需要工程量大,故适用于中低坝;③土料施工受气候影响,故适用于严寒和降雨季节都比较短的地区;④透水料均质土坝仅适用于滞洪水库,且宜用中粗砂填筑,砂卵砾石透水性大,均匀粉细砂易液化,都不宜用。
  
  
  均质土坝优点:①材料单一,工序简单,各工序间干扰少;②与坝基、岸坡及混凝土建筑物的接触渗径比较长,可简化防渗处理。缺点:①设计的坝坡常较其他坝型缓,使填筑工程量增加;②由于土料施工受严寒及降雨气候影响,使这种坝型在上述地区的使用受到限制;③如建在弱透水基础上又未采取适宜的坝内排水措施,坝体浸润线较高;④当库水位迅速降落,粘性土孔隙水不易排出;⑤施工期因自重而产生的孔隙压力消散缓慢,对坝坡稳定不利。
  
  
  坝体应设置排水以降低浸润线。常用棱体排水或褥垫排水。如坝体水平和垂直向具有相同透水性,褥垫排水能有效降低坝体浸润线(图2a)。鉴于填土经碾压后沿层间的水平向透水性常比垂直向大,虽设褥垫排水浸润线仍将上抬(图2b),故宜在坝内设置竖式排水(图3),下接褥垫排水,以拦截运行期水平向渗水,保证下游坝体处于干燥状态,并加快施工期排水固结降低孔隙压力。必要时可在坝体设置若干上游水平排水层,当水库水位降落时可使坝内孔隙水流向由向上游改为向下,有助于上游坡稳定(图4)。
  

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