Through the tangential boundary conditions for time-va ry ing electromagnetic field which make for the normal boundary conditions,this art icle shows that tangential boundary conditions for time-varying electromagneti c field are the most basic boundary conditions and they have independence.

The authors determine elliptically polarized parameter of sinusoidal dielectric subwavelength gratings with ellipsometry theory and extended boundary condition method.

Based on the scattering from the rough conducting fractal surface with the use of extended boundary condition method,this method is extended to the case of electromagnetic scattering from the rough dielectric fractal sea surface.

The authors present a parameter correction process applied to extended boundary condition method (EBCM) in order to make it valid in the deeper groove gratings.

The method of upper and lower solutions with reversed ordering combined with monotone iterative technique is empolyed to study the existence of solutions of a class of first-order functional differential equations with integral boundary conditions.

This paper is concerned with the existence of extreme solutions of integral boundary conditions for a class of first order impulsive differential equations.

The method of upper and lower solutions with reversed ordering combined with monotone iterative technique is employed to the study of a class of differential equations with integral boundary conditions.