The methods of investigation in rural area by Mao Zedong constitute a complete and scientific system, whose theoretical basis, that is, methodology, is the dialectical materialism and historical materialism of Marx.

For the subjective and objective reasons,we have different comprehensions to the terms of Marxist philosophy,such as dialectical and historical materialism,dialectical materialism,practical materialism,study of man,historical materialism and so on.

Different names,ranging from "dialectical materialism","dialectical and historical materialism","the narrow sense historical materialism","practice philosophy",and "practice materialis",etc.

But nowadays dialectical materialism and historical materialism method should be still symphasized and some new ones like trend process method and comprehensive integrated method of combining quantitation and qualititation should be adopted.

We should discuss the problem of the black hole exist or not in the visual angle of the dialectic materialism,and we should treat the result of science in the dialectic materialism eyes.

Through using the method of literature review,dialectic thinking and other methodologies,the unitary training theory,the dispute between it and dualistic training theory and the competitive capacity have been expounded under the guidance of dialectic materialism.