Genetic algorithm is utilized to optimize the leaf end shape to improve the size and uniformity of leaf-end penumbra.

Firstly,we generated two depth buffers for occluder and receiver,discretizing the occluder to micro-patches;then,we calculated the depth value of shadow for each micro-patch and estimated the visibilities of them;finally,we computed penumbra extent for each micro-patch and projected soft shadow map on the scene to obtain real-time soft shadows.

According to the requirements of precision conformal dose delivery, the side focused and tongue-groove structure of multi-leaf collimator is determined, and genetic algorithm is utilized to optimize the leaf end shape, which results in the improvement of penumbra size and uniformity.

The Effect of Blocker of Gap Junction on Penumbra Following Cerebral Ischemia;

Results The expression of IGF-Ⅰ was very low in normal tissues, while increased mainly in penumbra after cerebral ischemia.

Research of Fast Neutron Penumbral Imaging in Inertial Confinement Fusion;