In light of Althusser s four principal theses,Hirst approves of Althusser s viewpoint that denying ideology is a false consciousness,and critically analyzes Althusser s theory of ideology from two perspectives.

There have been many changes in the history of ideology: Destutt de Tracy identifies ideology as the science of ideas; Marx treats it as either the false consciousness or ideological superstructure; Lenin’s begins to use the idea of scientific ideology while Mannheim claims it to be sociology of knowledge.

Instead of perishing and being suppressed by modern society in the West, the Utopia thought is on its way of rejuvenation, breaking through the barriers and developed into a kind of practice, method and strategy from a "false consciousness" and theory.

Ideology is academically examined and made clear in terms of the implication of its beginning, equivalence to false consciousness, termination of ideology and the ideology of the end of ideology.

To define ideology as“false consciousness"was not an accidental error made by Engels as said by some scholars, but the consistent idea possessed by both Marx and Engels self.

This myth of destiny is the production of false ideology.

Fictitious elements manifested in narrative works in Han Wei and the six dynasties demonstrate that people of that time generally had a fictitious awareness.