Based on the language generative mechanism of parallel syntax-semantics by Jackendoff,referential dependencies in Csuri(1996) and Jackendoff(2002) and the semantic constraints in Simpler Syntax,this article makes a systematic straightening of referential dependency as semantic constraint,and further encodes the referential dependency of English wh-questions in RT(referential tier).

Through the analysis of textual level, referential level, cohesive level and level of naturalness, the article illustrates how to solve the practical problems during the process of translation.

The signifier in scientific language corresponds directly and definitely to the signified,but that is not the case in literary language where the signifier and the signified are independent of each other.

Based on design theory and practical cases,this paper analyses the relationship between signifier and signified of symbols,pointing out the properties including rigid regulation,arbitrariness,stability and unity.

The title of Russian literatures is a complex literature symbol combined by both the superficial significance (signifier) and the literary significance (signified).

Choosing the sewage-treating building in Guangdong Medical College as the research sample and the expressing of sustainable function building as the discussing topic,the possibility of using the tangible architectural language to express the intangible architectural meaning was analyzed,that is,the process of architectural design was restricted by the interaction of symbol,reference and referent.

This paper examines the issue of sense and reference.

This may be due to conception drifting in the speaker s mind, but it may also be result of another definition of term given by the Canadian terminologist Rondeau, who defined a term as a linguistic sign in the Saussurian sense of a combination of signifie and signifiant.

It differs from its original in that signifier is the same to itself while signifie refers to the other.