Being main making - policy and direct leader of China s assistance, Zhou En - lai forms gradually the fundamental thought of economical & technical assistance to foreign countries, and generalizes eight ilems of principles about foreign assistance in order to guide China s work of assistance .

The work of China s economical & technical assistance to foreign countries has gone through three phases during 50 years or more.

Review of the Kennedy Administration’s Economic Assistance for Africa;

"The Private Enterprise Initiative" was one of major contents of US economic assistance to Latin America during tenure of President Ronald Reagan.

The most important part of economic assistance was European Recovery Program,which not only played a positive role in promoting economic development of Europe,but also was a significant step by which American could achieve its further control of Europe in order to confront the threat of Soviet Union.

American foreign economic aid has experienced a phased development after the Second World War to the President Johnson’s era.

Therefore, America began to adjust their foreign-aid policy: reducing the aid, putting emphasis on developing the aid, transforming the policy-military aid first into the policy-economic aid first progressively.

The foreign aid is one of the important parts of the whole country foreign policies, it includes the politics, the economy, the military, the culture and so on , its scope is right widespread.

Characteristics of technical assistance for urban transportation and effect;