On the Dictatorship-Advocacy After the September 18th Incident;

Political Debates among Scholars before the Anti-Japanese War: A critique of the "Democracy vs Dictatorship Debate" in Independent Review;

In the debate about what kind of regime really fitted China in the 1930 s some intellectuals urged the necessity of autocracy,but there was still a viice persistently advocationg democracy.

In the society dominated by the pursuit of democracy, there was still a voice persistently advocating autocracy.

Then we prove that for any social welfare function F,whose range contains more than two alternatives and whose domain consists of all preference profiles,the semi-strict monotonicity and weak Pareto property are the sufficient and necessary conditions of dictatorship.

In this paper,the definition of weak Pareto optimal,(weak) IIA,(strong) dictatorship and decisive set etc is given.

It is discussed that under what conditions the social choice correspondences is complete dictatorship, and it is shown that for any social choice correspondences F, whose range contains more than two alternatives, the following statements are equivalent: (1) F is complete dictatorship; (2) F is not constant and strong Strategy-Proof; (3) F is poor Pareto and Strong Monotonic.

Comparing with the totalitarianism of Nazi Germany during the same period,the essay analyzed and generalized three characteristics of the Italian fascist system,namely,rather weak political governance;restricted Mussolini s autarchy;queer“corporation nation”,and therefore,we should reflect profoundly on the political civilization of Europe.

In the middle of 1930s, a debate on autarchy and democracy proceeded in China, which had 126 great significance to the cognition of the politics of China.