Literal talk and loose talk are distinguished here in terms of markedness degrees, and the author believes a) pragmatic vagueness is meaningful only for the investigation of the whole utterance as a social behavior; b) markedness matches pragmatic goal and meta-pragmatic awareness in degree and volume; c) literal and loose talk can transform into each other un.

The firstpart of the paper deals with literal and loose talk, focusing its attention on analyzing various types ofvagueness phenomena in loose talk.

This thesis tries to explore the non-observance of Cooperative Principle in loose talk on the basis of Cooperative Principle and Relevance Theory.

People in different cultures have different speech restrictions.