1)  colloquial words
俗字、古今字、繁简字、通假字
2)  folk character
俗字
1.
Through paying attention to the differences and the relations of folk characters,wrong characters,interchangeable characters and variant forms of the same character,the existing problems of folk characters types are analysed,then the new classification methods are proposed in accordance with the variant forms of the same character types.
在提取俗字时应注意区别俗字和错字、通假字、异体字的关系,目前俗字类型划分存在问题,本文在与异体字关系保持一致的情况下提出了新的分类方法,并从心理和载体形式两个方面探讨了俗字的成因。
2.
In Hui Lin s Yiqie Jing Yin Yi,there are some terminologies such as"the vulgar general character""the customs of the time""the character uses in common " "the vulgar general character" "the unauthorized character"are all belong to folk character.
慧琳在《一切经音义》中使用的术语主要有俗字、俗用字、俗行用字、时俗共享字、俗通用字、通俗字、俗撰字、变体俗字、转变俗字等,这中间“俗用字”“俗行用字”“时俗共享字”“俗通用字”“通俗字”也都是“俗字”,它们的区别在于流行使用的程度不同,它们代表了俗字从产生使用到广泛流传到通行于那个时代所处的不同阶段;另外的三个术语“俗撰字”“变体俗字”“转变俗字”主要区别在于俗字产生途径的不同。
3.
With the influence of the traditional idea that the standard form of Chinese characters was thought highly, the folk characters in Shuo Wen, the precious Chinese character fossil, was not valued.
《说文》最早提出"俗某字"这一概念,但由于重正轻俗传统观念的影响,历来对《说文》中俗字这种珍贵的汉字化石重视不够。
3)  common words
俗字
1.
In this scripture,there are many common words and common phrases.
1477号《<祭驴文>一首》堪称唐人俗文中的一篇佳作,此文语言通俗滑稽,妙语连珠,口语色彩极为浓郁,保存了许多当时的俗字、俗语词。
2.
From linguistics view, the Dunhuang scriptures of the 85th volume are not only the new materials for studying buddhist scriptures, but also good ones for studying common words and common phrases of Dunhuang documents.
第八十五卷所涉的敦煌文献一方面给佛经研究提供了新的材料;另一方面,从语言学的角度来看,也是研究敦煌俗字、俗语词的很好材料。
4)  nonstandard forms of characters
俗字
1.
This paper sort out and analyze seven types of nonstandard forms of characters.
本文主要从七个方面对唐代“三书”中的俗字类型进行梳理。
2.
A systematical study on nonstandard forms of characters in these manuscripts will be presented in this paper.
本文全面地调查了《唐五代韵书集存》的韵书残卷,对当中的俗字进行了系统的研究。
5)  folk characters
俗字
1.
Based on this book Sui Han Lu(随函录),this paper makes a detailed literature a- nalysis of some difficult folk characters that appear in or are omitted by big dictionries,and corrects or amends some present mistakes,aiming to rouse experts attention to this book.
论文利用可洪《随函录》对大型字典存有的或漏收的一部分疑难俗字进行了考释,纠正或补充了现有的一些说法。
2.
As a treasure house of Chinese language materials, Sui Han Lu (随函录) by Ke Hong(可洪) is indispensable to the researches on Chinese folk characters, but has been ignored by most experts.
可洪《随函录》是研究汉语俗字不可多得的一种重要语料,然而一直没有被人们重视。
6)  common word
俗字
1.
Based on Hanyusuzicongkao, this paper studies more than thirty difficult common words from large dictionaries like Hanyudazidian and corrects mistakes that occur in identifying and explain.
宋代以后的一些字典辞书 ,诸如《龙龛手镜》、《四声篇海》、《字汇》、《字汇补》、《康熙字典》 ,以及今人编的《汉语大字典》、《中华字海》等 ,都收载了大量有音无义或音义全无以及与正字关系不明的疑难俗字。
2.
It is a book that can explain shuowen and vindication common words,which is wrote by Zhou Poqi, a paleographers figure of the Yuan dynasty.
元代文字学家周伯琦所著《六书正讹》,是一部阐述《说文》,辨证俗字的字书。
参考词条
补充资料:元虎头银字圆牌
      中国元代朝廷铸造。为传递军情的使者佩带,作为取信于沿途驿站的凭证。1965 年在甘肃兰州发现 1 面,铁质,通长18厘米、圆径11.7 厘米、重249克。顶端装有供系佩用的环,环座饰虎头纹,错银为毛发。牌面自左至右铸凸起的八思巴蒙古字 5行,字面镀银,依元代习用的译法为:"长生天气力里皇帝圣旨,如违,要罪过者。"与之相同的圆牌在苏联西伯利亚的托木斯克曾出土 1面,但图文不如兰州发现的清晰。
  
  元代百户以上各级军官所佩、用以表示身分的牌为长方形,圆牌一般为差使、巡逻所用。据《元史·兵志》及《刑法志》载,差使圆牌分金字、银字两种。朝廷因军国大事所遣使臣佩金字牌,王公因军情所遣使臣则佩银字牌。兰州发现之牌属于后一种,前一种迄今未发现。至于巡牌,曾在江苏扬州元代旧城基址出土 1面,虽亦呈圆形,但上端饰莲叶而无虎头,且字面不镀金、银,等级应比差使圆牌低。
  

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