By Analyzing the problems arising from the irrational selection of the overrun distance of tools in the process of internal circular exsecting in numerical control processing, the correct method of calculating too's overrun distance is proposed.

The direct algorithm of interferometric synthetic aperture radar measuring is to directly introduce the absolute phase difference into range equation and Doppler equation to resolve the ground coordinates.

In this paper,it is indicated that: in the range equation of IR systems,the atmospheric transmittance τa itself is a rapidly varying function of range R,therefore,the range equation of IR systems is modified into a more exact expression.

In this paper, firstly the noise level in laser warning is analyzed, then the signal to noise ratio and detection probability are researched, and at last the distance equation and dynamic range are also researched.