The ore-bearing formation of the Liushanyan copper-zinc deposit belongs to an Early Paleozoic submarine spilite-quartz keratophyre series(Erlanping Group),showing a bimodal volcanic assemblage.

For promoting the research on paleo marine volcanics,a new classification and nomenclature scheme of spilite keratophyre is offered by authors in this paper.

Acute toxicity testing of five commonly-used aquacultural drugs to Epinephelus chlorostigma;