1.
"The indorser of a bill, by indorsing it engages that, on due presentment, it shall be accepted and paid according to its tenor,"
汇票背书人，于背书汇票后，即保证该汇票在正式提示时会按照其期限获承兑及支付；
2.
it must be an indorsement of the entire bill.
它须为汇票全额之背书。
3.
it must be written on the bill itself and be signed by the indorser.
背书必须书于汇票本身，并由背书人签署。
4.
"An indorsement in blank specifies no indorsee, and a bill so indorsed ecomes payable to bearer."
无记名背书并不书明被背书人，以此方式背书之汇票，应成为以持票人为收款人之汇票。
5.
"where a bill is paid by an indorser, or where a bill payable to drawer's order is paid by the drawer, "
如汇票经背书人支付，或按发票人指示付款之汇票经发票人支付者，
6.
An endorsement without a specified date is deemed to be made prior to the date of maturity.
背书未记载日期的，视为在汇票到期日前背书。
7.
However, the endorsee may not negotiate the rights on the bill by endorsement.
但是，被背书人不得再以背书转让汇票权利。
8.
where the indorser is the person to whom the bill is presented for payment;
背书人为汇票向其提示付款之人；
9.
where the bill was accepted or made for his accommodation.
汇票乃因背书人通融而承兑或开立。
10.
"Where the holder of a bill payable to his order transfers it for value without indorsing it,"
倘汇票执票人未经背书而受价转让按照其本人指示付款之汇票，
11.
such drawer or indorser is discharged from his liability on the bill.
则上述发票人或背书人对汇票之责任，即告解除。
12.
"A special indorsement specifies the person to whom, or to whose order, he bill is to be payable."
特别背书书明汇票之收款人，或按其指示付款。
13.
"an indorser who has been compelled to pay the bill may recover from the acceptor, or from the drawer, or from a prior indorser the amount of the bill;"
迫于支付该汇票之背书人可向承兑人、或发票人，或前背书人追讨下列各项——汇票面额款项；
14.
"in the case of a bill which has been dishonoured abroad, in lieu of the above damages, the holder may recover from the drawer or an indorser,"
凡汇票于外地不能兑现，执票人可向发票人或背书人追讨，
15.
"Where a bill is accepted or indorsed when it is overdue, it shall, as regards the acceptor who so accepts or any indorser who so indorses it, be deemed a bill payable on demand."
逾期后承兑或背书之汇票，就其承兑人或背书人而言，应视为即期汇票。
16.
Article 37 An endorser is liable for guaranteeing the acceptance and payment of the bill of exchange held by his subsequent party after he negotiates the bill by endorsement.
第三十七条背书人以背书转让汇票后，即承担保证其后手所持汇票承兑和付款的责任。
17.
The endorsee may exercise the rights on the bill when exercising his right of pledge according to law.
被背书人依法实现其质权时，可以行使汇票权利。
18.
"in the case of a bill payable to drawer's order, the then capacity of the drawer to indorse, but not the genuineness or validity of his indorsement;"
如属按照发票人指示付款之汇票，发票人背书之能力，但不包括其背书之真实性或效力；