The proximity effect of synmmetrical cable employing copper clad steel as conductor;

Simulation of the proximity effect of electron beam lithography;

Methods of proximity effect correction in electron beam lithography;

Analysis of the adjacency effect in satellite remote sensing by using backward Monte Carlo method;

So,adjacency effects generated by neighbor pixels need to be properly considered.

Supported by NSFC,we have carried out the research on adjacency effect since 2004 and conducted 2 satellite and 1 aerial synchronous experiments.

What affects individual s lottery participation decision? Utilizing a household data set across 12 cities in China in 2005, we empirically find that overall neighborhood effect of social group members lottery participation increases the individuals expectation of participating in lottery, while the role of income satisfaction is exactly the opposite.

This paper reviews US-European scholars summaries of the functional mechanisms of neighborhood effects and the research methods,challenges to the methods of studying neighborhood effects,and the specific empirical studies and practices.

The paper describes the influence of neighbors on individuals choice by "neighbor effect function",analyses the equilibrium and influencing factors under the collective diffusion model of external and local factors.