Based on variable structure control theory and the method of zeroing the rate of line-of-sight (LOS) angle between missile and target, a suitable sliding sector is chosen instead of conventional sliding mode, and a three-dimensional continuous extended sliding mode guidance law is designed by considering the maneuvering acceleration of target as a disturbance with known boundary.

By means of the sliding-window Chebyshev expansion technique, the objective forecast model (OFM) of heavy rainfall from May to June in the Jianyan station was developed in order to improve the capability of single-station rainfall forecasting.