Reasonable Properties of Civil Trial: Suggesting a New Research Implement;

Current Operational Situation of China s Collegiate Bench System:Case Study on a Grass-roots Court s Civil Trial in an Undeveloped Area;

Study of the problems in Henan Province civil trial and the solutions;

Civil Adjudication in excess of authority involves that a judge oversteps his or her authority in civil adjudication and adjudicates what should have been adjudicated by administration .

The legitimacy of civil adjudication means that both the process and the judgment are generally recognized and accepted by the parties of the civi l suit and the public as well.

Discretion is one of the object powers that judges have in the civil adjudication and is the embodiment of the cognizance; it plays an important role in the civil trial.

We should deeply understand it under the current situation of our country s jurisdiction,and find the golden section ratio of the principle of"open trial",thus to construct its concrete systems and make the best use of it.

There are conflicts between the open trial system and the right of privacy protection,especially in the trial of the divorce cases concerning the litigant s right of privacy.

The present law does not have a detailed regulation on open trial.

In order to push on reform of court system and guarantee judicial justice, this paper puts forward some opinions on reform of court system, such as exchange of service ideas, improvement of judge s professional quantities ,carrying out public trial and strengthen modernized construction and so on.

Public trial is an essential characteristic of modern judicial system.

After inspecting the defects of public trial in judicial application of China,the writer analyses the reasons and gives proposals for perfection of this system.