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1)  similarative function words
近义虚词
1.
This paper, from both the aspect of foreign students learning Chinese function words and Chinese people using Chinese function words, will use comparative methods to differentiate common similarative function words from three-in-one combination of semantics, grammar and pragmatics.
本文从留学生学习汉语虚词和中国人运用虚词的角度切入,结合语义、语法、语用三方面,运用比较的方法,具体辨析几组常用的近义虚词
2)  meanings of form words
虚词语义
1.
The meanings of form words depend on other constituents that co-occur with them.
虚词语义依赖与之共现的其他成分,换言之,虚词往往引导出一些实体、时间、处所等语义要素,虚词语义就表现在对这些要素加以组织,赋予一定的关系。
3)  grammaticaliztion
词义虚化
4)  delexical verb
虚义动词
1.
The first chapter deals with the things inside the delexical verb.
本文对汉语动词中一个封闭的小类——虚义动词进行了比较全面的讨论,全文共分四章。
2.
Dissimilarities between English and Chinese delexical verbs lie in the scope of their utilization,semantic characteristics,as well as the regularities of internal and external combination.
虚义动词发挥的根本性作用不外乎两点:一是济造句之穷;二是提供一种更适合语用需要的表达方式。
5)  synonyms [英]['sinənim]  [美]['sɪnə,nɪm]
近义词
1.
This paper discusses the differences of synonyms in English language,in terms of stylistic level,emotional coloring,the degree of emphasis,denotation & connotation,dialects,etc.
近义词使用不当会使语言含糊不清甚至发生歧义,影响整个语篇的美感和质量。
2.
This paper explains and compares 4 synonyms used in a piece of ancient essay, and indicates the uses of the synonyms plays an important role in the description of the characters nature.
文学创作中巧妙地使用近义词,能具体而鲜明地刻画人物性格,增添文章的色彩。
3.
This paper mainly introduces how to distinguish synonyms in terms of meaning,semantic prosody,style and the teaching application.
文章概述了基于语料库的英语近义词辨析:词义、语义韵、语体以及在教学上的应用。
6)  synonym [英]['sɪnənɪm]  [美]['sɪnə'nɪm]
近义词
1.
While the richness of English synonyms makes the expression more precise and subtle, it poses a lot of difficulties to English learners as well.
丰富的近义词一方面使英语的表达精确细致 ,另一方面也给英语学习者带来许多困难。
2.
A comparison between LOCNESS and two sub-corpora St5 and St6 of CLEC with regard to the use of two synonyms common and ordinary finds that the learners corpora exhibit a large number of misusages.
比较近义词common和ordinary在LOCNESS和CLEC的St5、St6两个子语料库中的用法后发现,中国英语学习者误用现象较多,原因可归结为教的方法不当,学的手段缺乏,母语有干扰,文化差异及学习者文化背景知识不够。
3.
Overseas students taking Chinese as a foreign language make different kinds of mistakes and the causes include the following: besides cultural factors,there are few good textbooks illustrating synonym discrimination,and some TCFL teachers do not give a clear explanation on synonym discrimination.
近义词辨析是对外汉语教学中一个很重要的部分,由于外国留学生误用近义词的原因及类型多样,除文化因素外,还受到教材、教师的讲解等各方面因素的影响,因此在教学中,教师除了从词汇意义、语法意义和色彩意义三方面入手外,还应根据第二语言习得的特点,有针对性地进行近义词的辨析,最终使学生能够正确、合理地使用近义词。
补充资料:步虚词
【诗文】:
华表千年一鹤归,
凝丹为顶雪为衣。
星星仙语人听尽,
却向五云翻翅飞。




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